Mobile Phone Technology

The 5G core is the collection of functions required for the 5G network to work. These include authenticating users and providing secure transmissions. The 5G core is different to the 4G core in that it must support mmWaves which are at a higher frequency to 4G. the 5G Core offers faster speed, less congestion and lower latency allowing for a better user experience. The core whilst still providing similar services as 4G (and 3G / 2G before) is based on a more distributed cloud based architecture. This allows for more edge functionality. It is implemented via a service based architecture based on microsystems.

The key features of the 5G core are:
• AMF - Access and Mobility Management Function. This handles the registration of the 5G equipment (phones etc) and authenticates the access to the 5G network.
• SMF - Session Management Function. It manages the session which is all the actions between the call or data session starting and ending.
• UPF - User Plane Function. The UDP manages the data transfer from the 5G device to the network (usually the Internet).
• UDM - Unified Data Management. It provides the management of all subscriber data, a single place to access the subscriber information. Similar in nature to the HSS (Home Subscriber Service) in 4G but designed for a cloud based implementation. It manages user authentication, authorization, and access to network services
• PCF - Policy Control Function. Manages the network in terms of network quality including the control of network slices.